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Tanganyika groundnut scheme
The Tanganyika Groundnut Scheme was a project of the colonial British government to cultivate tracts of what is now Tanzania with peanuts. Launched by the administration of British prime minister Clement Attlee, the project was abandoned in 1951 after considerable cost to the taxpayer when it did not become profitable. Groundnuts require at least 500 mm (20 inches) of rainfall per year; the area chosen was subject to drought.
==Objectives==
In 1946, Frank Samuel, head of the United Africa Company, a subsidiary of Unilever, came up with an idea to cultivate groundnuts in the British trusteeship of Tanganyika, now mainland Tanzania, for the production of vegetable oil. Britain was still under World War II rationing and short of cooking fats. He suggested the idea to his contacts in the British government.
In April 1946, the British government authorised a mission to visit suitable sites. The team was led by John Wakefield, former Director of Agriculture in Tanganyika. After a three-month mission, the team's report was optimistically favourable to the scheme. Wakefield believed that the main reason for the apparent barrenness of the Tanganyika was local primitive farming practices that would be easily solved by Western equipment. The government, with the lead of Minister of Food John Strachey, eventually authorised £25 million to cultivate 150,000 acres (607 km²) of scrubland in six years. They began to recruit men for the "Groundnut Army" and 100,000 former soldiers volunteered. The first site selected for cultivation was in Kongwa in the central Tanganyika where locals had already cultivated groundnuts. Strachey chose an old political colleague, Leslie Plummer, to be Chairman of the Overseas Food Corporation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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